The tenth Guru, Gobind Singh, recreated the Sikhs as a military group of men and women called the Khalsa in 1699, with the intention that the Sikhs should for ever be able to defend their faith. The Sikhs then lived in relative peace with the political rulers until the time of the Moghal Emperor, Aurangzeb, who used force to make his subjects accept Islam.Īurangzeb had the ninth Guru, Tegh Bahadur, arrested and executed in 1675. The Sikhs fought a number of battles to preserve their faith.

The sixth Guru, Hargobind, started to militarise the community so that they would be able to resist any oppression. However, during Arjan's time Sikhism was seen as a threat by the state and Guru Arjan was eventually executed for his faith in 1606. Guru Arjan completed the establishment of Amritsar as the capital of the Sikh world, and compiled the first authorised book of Sikh scripture, the Adi Granth.

Sikhism was well established by the time of Guru Arjan, the fifth Guru. Nine Gurus followed Nanak and developed the Sikh faith and community over the next centuries. The Sikh faith began around 1500 CE, when Guru Nanak began teaching a faith that was quite distinct from Hinduism and Islam.

The main religions of the area at the time were Hinduism and Islam. Gangu became angry, protested his innocence and accused her of being ungrateful and then turned her out into the streets with her grandsons.Sikhism was born in the Punjab area of South Asia, which now falls into the present day states of India and Pakistan. Not believing the story, she confronted him asking him to return her money. He buried them and then when she discovered the theft, to cover his actions he fabricated a story about thieves heard prowling about. He found and took a bag of coins Mata Gujri had carried with her. While she and her grandsons slept, Gangu pilfered her belongings looking for valuables. Gangu led them to his village Saheri, not far from Morinda (present-day district Ropar) and gave them shelter in his home. Wet, chilled, and exhausted, they accepted help from Brahmin Gangu, a former cook servant who had been discharged from Guru Gobind Singh's household. Mata Gujri and the young sahibzade became separated from the rest of their family. The dark raging turbulence swept away people and possessions alike and many Sikhs did not survive the crossing. During the night flight from besieged Anandpur, 81-year-old mother of Tenth Guru Gobind Singh, Mata Gujri and her grandsons the two younger sahibzade, *Zarowar Singh (*Jujhar) age 9, and Fateh Singh age 7, struggled across the stormy floodwaters of River Sarsa together.

Chaar sahibzade sikhiwiki